Table 1 Specific requirements for resilience design
From: Implication of bridge resilience design and lessons from negative examples
Specific requirements | Unfavored occurrences |
|---|---|
Ductility | • Brittle failure modes due to shear or bending • Stress concentration |
Robustness | • Insufficient strength or ductility of structural members and materials • Inadequate ability of the structure to withstand accidental actions |
Redundancy | • Fracture critical member; uplift bearings during operation • Insufficient alternative load paths • Progressive collapse of structures due to local failure |
Durability | • Corrosion damage of the suspender • Fatigue failure of the steel bridge deck weld joint |
Man-made error | • Human errors are not considered in partial factor design |
Overturning | • Insufficient anti-overturning factor for overloading • Improper bridge bearing layout • Too small curve radius |
Extreme events | • Collapse upon ship collision • Unseating during earthquake |